PENERAPAN PENDEKATAN KONSTRUKTIVISME UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN PENALARAN MATEMATIS PESERTA DIDIK PADA MATERI STATISTIKA KELAS 12 SMA NEGERI 4 BOJONEGORO
Abstract
Salah satu ciri matematika adalah menekankan pada proses deduktif aksiomatik yang memerlukan penalaran logis. Penalaran masuk dalam kompetensi dasar yang harus dikuasai siswa, sehingga diharapkan siswa dapat menganalisis suatu permasalahan sebelum mengambil suatu keputusan sebagai bekal untuk menghadapi tantangan perkembangan dan perubahan. Fakta menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan siswa dalam bernalar belum diperhatikan secara mendalam. Untuk itu diperlukan pembelajaran yang didesain menurut pandangan konstruktivisme karena menurut pandangan tersebut pembelajaran bertujuan untuk membantu peserta didik untuk membangun konsep-konsep/ prinsip-prinsp matematika dengan kemampuannya sendiri melalui asimilasi dan akomodasi.
Penelitian ini merupakan Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) dengan tujuan meningkatkan kemampuan penalaran matematika melalui pendekatan konstruktivisme. Subjek pada penelitian ini adalah peserta didik kelas XII IPA 2 SMA Negeri 4 Bojonegoro sebanyak 33 orang. Prosesur dalam penelitian ini meliputi perencanaan, pelaksanaan, observasi, dan refleksi. Perangkat pembelajaran dalam penelitian ini adalah Rencana Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran (RPP), bahan ajar, dan Lembar Kerja Peserta Didik (LKPD) sedangkan instumen penelitian yang digunakan adalah Tes Kemampuan Penalaran (TKP).
Dari hasil analisis data, dapat disimpulkan bahwa kemampuan penalaran matematis peserta didik kelas XII IPA 2 telah memenuhi indicator keberhasilan penelitian setelah siklus kedua, yaitu sebanyak 67% (24 peserta didik) memenuhi kriteria baik dalam bernalar. Keterlaksanaan pembelajaran tergolong baik pada siklus kedua yaitu seluruh pembelajaran terlaksana dengan prosentase 88,5%.
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