Ethnoparenting: Analisis Komparatif Pengasuhan Anak Usia Dini dalam Perspektif Islam, Barat, dan Indonesia

Abstract

The globalization of parenting has led to the direct adoption of Western parenting terms and approaches by parents and early childhood education institutions in Indonesia including Islamic-based ones often without a framework explaining how these approaches align with the Islamic values ​​and Indonesian local wisdom that have traditionally underpinned local child-rearing practices. This study aims to comparatively analyze early childhood parenting characteristics from Islamic, Western, and Indonesian perspectives and to formulate an integrative framework relevant to Islamic-based early childhood education institutions, such as TKIT Al-Umm. Employing a descriptive qualitative approach and a library research design, the study gathered data from scholarly literature published over the last five years and analyzed it using comparative content analysis techniques specifically data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The findings reveal that the Islamic parenting perspective is rooted in the concept of *tawhid* (monotheism) and the exemplary conduct of the Prophet; the Western perspective relies on scientific typologies such as Baumrind’s authoritative style that prioritize the child's individual independence; and the Indonesian perspective is characterized by "ethno-parenting," which positions local cultural values ​​and the community as primary points of reference. The study’s contribution lies in the formulation of a three-tiered framework that positions Islamic values ​​as the spiritual foundation, Indonesian local wisdom as the communal context, and Western scientific findings as technical tools for selective adaptation a synthesis rarely addressed holistically in previous studies on early childhood parenting.