Stigma Pada Penderita Kusta Di Komunitas : A Systematic Review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30587/ijpn.v4i2.5903Keywords:
Stigma, Penderita Kusta, KomunitasAbstract
Individu yang terdiagnosa penyakit kusta di komunitas mengalami berbagai tekanan psikologis. Tekanan tersebut dapat berasal dari persepsi internal individu seperti merasa tidak percaya diri, merasa malu dan perasaan takut dijauhi. Selain itu tekanan psikologis yang dialami individu dapat bersumber dari faktor eksternal seperti perlakuan diskriminasi dari masyarakat, labeling serta isolasi dalam kehidupan sosial. Metode yang digunakan dalam penyusunan artikel ini ialah metode PRISMA dengan pencarian database meliputi Google Cendekia, Garba Rujukan Digital dan Science Direct. Terdapat 15 artikel terpilih berdasarkan kriteria yakni terbit tahun 2018-2023, dapat diakses fulltext, artikel berbahasa indonesia dan bahasa inggris serta merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan menggunakan kata kunci stigma, penderita kusta, dan komunitas. Artikel yang telah dipilih kemudian dianalisis dengan hasil yang menunjukkan bahwa stigma yang dialami oleh penderita kusta di komunitas terdiri dari stigma terhadap diri sendiri dan stigma dari masyarakat. Stigma tersebut menjadi penyebab munculnya masalah psikologis pada penderita kusta.
References
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Gunnara, H., Yuliyana, R., Daswito, R., Juwita, R., & Sitanggang, H. D. (2020). Studi Kualitatif Keberadaan Penyakit Kusta di Desa Dendun Kecamatan Mantang Kabupaten Bintan. Jurnal Kesehatan Teroadu, 11, 84–93.
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Jatimi, A., Nenobais, A. N., Jufriyanto, M., Heru, M. J. A., & Yusuf, A. (2020). Mekanisme dan Strategi Mengurangi Stress pada Pasien Kusta. Indonesian Journal of Community Health Nursing, 4(1), 41. https://doi.org/10.20473/ijchn.v4i1.17540
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Jufriyanto, M., Yusuf, A., & Mundakir, M. (2020). The Psychosocial Experiences in Ex-Leprosy Patients: A Qualitative Study. STRADA Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan, 9(2), 733–742. https://doi.org/10.30994/sjik.v9i2.380
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Mahanani, S., & Idris, D. N. T. (2020). Analysis Of Disability And Stigma On Self-Concept On Leprosy Patients. STRADA Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan, 9(2), 926–935. https://doi.org/10.30994/sjik.v9i2.410
Muhammad Najmuddin. (2021). Stigma Terhadap Penyakit Kusta: Tinjauan Komunikasi Antarpribadi. Al-Din, 60–73.
Nasir, A., Yusuf, A., Listiawan, M. Y., & Makhfudli, M. (2022). The life experience of leprosy families in maintaining interaction patterns in the family to support healing in leprosy patients in Indonesian society. A phenomenological qualitative study. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 16(4), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0010264
Nugraheni, R. (2016). Analisis Konsep Diri Terhadap Kualitas Hidup Penderita Kusta Yang Mengalami Kecacatan Di Rumah Sakit Kusta Kediri. Preventia : The Indonesian Journal of Public Health, 1(2), 164. https://doi.org/10.17977/um044v1i2p164-173
Putra, Y., & Tahlil, T. (2018). Pengalaman Keluarga Dalam Memberikan Dukungan Keluarga Pada Penderita Kusta. Jurnal Ilmu Keperawatan, 5(2), 28–41.
Rai, S. S., Irwanto, Peters, R. M. H., Syurina, E. V., Putri, A. I., Mikhakhanova, A., Naniche, D., & Zweekhorst, M. B. M. (2020). Qualitative exploration of experiences and consequences of health-related stigma among indonesians with HIV, leprosy, schizophrenia and diabetes. Kesmas, 15(1), 7–16. https://doi.org/10.21109/kesmas.v15i1.3306
Rismayanti, R., Tandirerung, J., Dwinata, I., & Ansar, J. (2017). Faktor Risiko Kejadian Kecacatan Tingkat 2 Pada Penderita Kusta. Media Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia, 13(1), 51. https://doi.org/10.30597/mkmi.v13i1.1581
Sa’diyah, H., & Arsi, A. A. (2022). Diskriminasi Sosial Pada Eks Penderita Kusta Di Lingkungan Masyarakat Hanifatus Sa’diyah, Antari Ayuning Arsi. 11(2), 182–191.
Sekarningrum, B., & Yunita, D. (2017). Social Exclusion and Impoverishment of Lepers. 6(1), 387–394.
Siregar, T., & Ratnawati, D. (2018). Pengalaman Keluarga Merawat Penderita Kusta Dalam Menghadapi Stigma Masyarakat Di Kelurahan Limo Depok - Jawa Barat. Jurnal Ilmiah Keperawatan Indonesia [JIKI], 1(2), 63. https://doi.org/10.31000/jiki.v1i2.413
Sodik, M. A. (2016). Leprosy Patients in public perception: A qualitative study of patient confidence (dis) in the Community (Penderita Kusta dalam persepsi masyarakat: Sebuah studi kualitatif tentang kepercayaan diri pasien di Masyarakat). Journal of Global Research in Public Health, 1(2), 99–106.
Utami, R., Haryanto, J., & Sajidin, M. (2017). Path analysis of the factors that influence the prevention of leprosy clients depression in leprosy hospital Sumberglagah Mojokerto, East Java, Indonesia. International Journal of Science and Research, 6(6), 431–435. https://doi.org/10.21275/ART20174228
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van Wijk, R., van Selm, L., Barbosa, M. C., van Brakel, W. H., Waltz, M., & Puchner, K. P. (2021). Psychosocial burden of neglected tropical diseases in eastern Colombia: an explorative qualitative study in persons affected by leprosy, cutaneous leishmaniasis and Chagas disease – ERRATUM. Global Mental Health, 8. https://doi.org/10.1017/gmh.2021.31
World Health Organization. (2022). World health statistics 2022 (Monitoring health of the SDGs). http://apps.who.int/bookorders.
Yudanagara, B. B. H. (2020). Dampak Psikososial Diskriminasi pada Mantan Penderita Kusta. Jurnal Psikologi: Media Ilmiah Psikologi, 18(1), 1–8.
Yusuf, A. ., Fitryasari, R., & Nihayati, H. E. (2015). Buku Ajar Keperawatan Kesehatan Jiwa. Buku Ajar Keperawatan Kesehatan Jiwa, 1–366. https://doi.org/ISBN 978-xxx-xxx-xx-x
Zamparoni, V. (2017). Leprosy: Disease, isolation, and segregation in colonial Mozambique. Historia, Ciencias, Saude - Manguinhos, 24(1), 1–27. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0104-59702016005000028
Arisal, Agustang, A., & Syukur, M. (2020). Diskriminasi Sosial Anak Penderita Kusta di Kota Makassar. Phinisi Integration Review, 3(2), 297–304.
ARMAIJN, L. (2019). Persepsi Penderita Kusta Terhadap Stigma Kusta Di Kota Ternate. Kieraha Medical Journal, 1(2), 31–37. https://doi.org/10.33387/kmj.v1i2.1705
Correia, J. C., Golay, A., Lachat, S., Singh, S. B., Manandhar, V., Jha, N., Chappuis, F., & Beran, D. (2019). “If you will counsel properly with love, they will listen”: A qualitative analysis of leprosy affected patients’ educational needs and caregiver perceptions in Nepal. PLoS ONE, 14(2), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0210955
Couto Dal Secco, R. G., França, K., Castillo, D., AlHarbi, M., Lotti, T., Fioranelli, M., & Roccia, M. G. (2017). A synopsis of the history of Hansen’s disease. Wiener Medizinische Wochenschrift, 167, 27–30. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10354-017-0590-2
Efendi, F. (2019). Systematic Review. In Systematic Review (Vol. 94, Issue 3).
Govindharaj, P., Srinivasan, S., & Darlong, J. (2018). Quality of Life of People Affected with Leprosy Disability Living in Purulia , International Journal of Health Sciences and Research Quality of Life of People Affected with Leprosy Disability Living in. 8(February), 221–225.
Grzybowski, A., Sak, J., Pawlikowski, J., & Nita, M. (2016). Leprosy: Social implications from antiquity to the present. Clinics in Dermatology, 34(1), 8–10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clindermatol.2015.10.009
Gunnara, H., Yuliyana, R., Daswito, R., Juwita, R., & Sitanggang, H. D. (2020). Studi Kualitatif Keberadaan Penyakit Kusta di Desa Dendun Kecamatan Mantang Kabupaten Bintan. Jurnal Kesehatan Teroadu, 11, 84–93.
Hannan, M., Hidayat, S., & Nirmala Sandi, M. (2021). Stigma Masyarakat terhadap Penderita Kusta di Kecamatan Batuputih Sumenep. Wiraraja Medika : Jurnal Kesehatan, 11(2), 86–92. https://doi.org/10.24929/fik.v11i2.1658
Hidayat, M., Irawati, D., & Waluyo, A. (2020). Phenomenology Study: Community Perception Of Lush Disease In The Working Area Of Puskesmas Talango, 2020. STRADA Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan, 9(2), 1463–1473. https://doi.org/10.30994/sjik.v9i2.487
Jatimi, A., & Hidayat, M. (2022). Masalah Psikososial pada Penderita Kusta: Studi Kualitatif. Indonesian Health Science Journal, 2(2), 51–56. https://doi.org/10.52298/ihsj.v2i2.29
Jatimi, A., Nenobais, A. N., Jufriyanto, M., Heru, M. J. A., & Yusuf, A. (2020). Mekanisme dan Strategi Mengurangi Stress pada Pasien Kusta. Indonesian Journal of Community Health Nursing, 4(1), 41. https://doi.org/10.20473/ijchn.v4i1.17540
Jatimi, A., Yusuf, A., & Andayani, S. R. D. (2020). Leprosy Resilience with Disabilities Due to Illness: A Qualitative Study. Indonesian Nursing Journal of Education and Clinic (Injec), 5(2), 95. https://doi.org/10.24990/injec.v5i2.298
Jufriyanto, M., Yusuf, A., & Mundakir, M. (2020). The Psychosocial Experiences in Ex-Leprosy Patients: A Qualitative Study. STRADA Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan, 9(2), 733–742. https://doi.org/10.30994/sjik.v9i2.380
Kemenkes. (2022). Menuju Eliminasi 2024, Kemenkes Ajak Masyarakat Hapus Stigma Dan Diskriminasi Kusta.
Mahanani, S., & Idris, D. N. T. (2020). Analysis Of Disability And Stigma On Self-Concept On Leprosy Patients. STRADA Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan, 9(2), 926–935. https://doi.org/10.30994/sjik.v9i2.410
Muhammad Najmuddin. (2021). Stigma Terhadap Penyakit Kusta: Tinjauan Komunikasi Antarpribadi. Al-Din, 60–73.
Nasir, A., Yusuf, A., Listiawan, M. Y., & Makhfudli, M. (2022). The life experience of leprosy families in maintaining interaction patterns in the family to support healing in leprosy patients in Indonesian society. A phenomenological qualitative study. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 16(4), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0010264
Nugraheni, R. (2016). Analisis Konsep Diri Terhadap Kualitas Hidup Penderita Kusta Yang Mengalami Kecacatan Di Rumah Sakit Kusta Kediri. Preventia : The Indonesian Journal of Public Health, 1(2), 164. https://doi.org/10.17977/um044v1i2p164-173
Putra, Y., & Tahlil, T. (2018). Pengalaman Keluarga Dalam Memberikan Dukungan Keluarga Pada Penderita Kusta. Jurnal Ilmu Keperawatan, 5(2), 28–41.
Rai, S. S., Irwanto, Peters, R. M. H., Syurina, E. V., Putri, A. I., Mikhakhanova, A., Naniche, D., & Zweekhorst, M. B. M. (2020). Qualitative exploration of experiences and consequences of health-related stigma among indonesians with HIV, leprosy, schizophrenia and diabetes. Kesmas, 15(1), 7–16. https://doi.org/10.21109/kesmas.v15i1.3306
Rismayanti, R., Tandirerung, J., Dwinata, I., & Ansar, J. (2017). Faktor Risiko Kejadian Kecacatan Tingkat 2 Pada Penderita Kusta. Media Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia, 13(1), 51. https://doi.org/10.30597/mkmi.v13i1.1581
Sa’diyah, H., & Arsi, A. A. (2022). Diskriminasi Sosial Pada Eks Penderita Kusta Di Lingkungan Masyarakat Hanifatus Sa’diyah, Antari Ayuning Arsi. 11(2), 182–191.
Sekarningrum, B., & Yunita, D. (2017). Social Exclusion and Impoverishment of Lepers. 6(1), 387–394.
Siregar, T., & Ratnawati, D. (2018). Pengalaman Keluarga Merawat Penderita Kusta Dalam Menghadapi Stigma Masyarakat Di Kelurahan Limo Depok - Jawa Barat. Jurnal Ilmiah Keperawatan Indonesia [JIKI], 1(2), 63. https://doi.org/10.31000/jiki.v1i2.413
Sodik, M. A. (2016). Leprosy Patients in public perception: A qualitative study of patient confidence (dis) in the Community (Penderita Kusta dalam persepsi masyarakat: Sebuah studi kualitatif tentang kepercayaan diri pasien di Masyarakat). Journal of Global Research in Public Health, 1(2), 99–106.
Utami, R., Haryanto, J., & Sajidin, M. (2017). Path analysis of the factors that influence the prevention of leprosy clients depression in leprosy hospital Sumberglagah Mojokerto, East Java, Indonesia. International Journal of Science and Research, 6(6), 431–435. https://doi.org/10.21275/ART20174228
Van Netten, W. J., Van Dorst, M. M. A. R., Waltz, M. M., Pandey, B. D., Aley, D., Choudhary, R., & Van Brakel, W. H. (2021). Mental wellbeing among people affected by leprosy in the Terai region, Nepal. Leprosy Review, 92(1), 59–74. https://doi.org/10.47276/lr.92.1.59
van Wijk, R., van Selm, L., Barbosa, M. C., van Brakel, W. H., Waltz, M., & Puchner, K. P. (2021). Psychosocial burden of neglected tropical diseases in eastern Colombia: an explorative qualitative study in persons affected by leprosy, cutaneous leishmaniasis and Chagas disease – ERRATUM. Global Mental Health, 8. https://doi.org/10.1017/gmh.2021.31
World Health Organization. (2022). World health statistics 2022 (Monitoring health of the SDGs). http://apps.who.int/bookorders.
Yudanagara, B. B. H. (2020). Dampak Psikososial Diskriminasi pada Mantan Penderita Kusta. Jurnal Psikologi: Media Ilmiah Psikologi, 18(1), 1–8.
Yusuf, A. ., Fitryasari, R., & Nihayati, H. E. (2015). Buku Ajar Keperawatan Kesehatan Jiwa. Buku Ajar Keperawatan Kesehatan Jiwa, 1–366. https://doi.org/ISBN 978-xxx-xxx-xx-x
Zamparoni, V. (2017). Leprosy: Disease, isolation, and segregation in colonial Mozambique. Historia, Ciencias, Saude - Manguinhos, 24(1), 1–27. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0104-59702016005000028
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Published
2023-12-30
How to Cite
Jatimi, A., Holisun, H., & Ahmadi, A. (2023). Stigma Pada Penderita Kusta Di Komunitas : A Systematic Review. Indonesian Journal of Professional Nursing, 4(2), 85–91. https://doi.org/10.30587/ijpn.v4i2.5903
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