Penerapan Teknik Restrukturisasi Kognitif Untuk Mengurangi Ketakutan Terhadap Penilaian Negatif (Fear Of Negative Evaluation) Pada Kalangan Siswa SMA

Abstract

ABSTRAK

Masa remaja merupakan fase penting dalam pembentukan identitas, di mana siswa sering menghadapi ketakutan terhadap penilaian negatif (Fear of Negative Evaluation / FNE). Kegiatan magang ini bertujuan menurunkan FNE pada siswa SMA Muhammadiyah 10 GKB melalui teknik restrukturisasi kognitif. Penelitian menggunakan desain one group pretest–posttest pada 18 siswa kelas XI yang mengikuti empat sesi pelatihan mencakup pengenalan FNE, identifikasi pikiran negatif, latihan restrukturisasi kognitif, dan refleksi diri. Hasil analisis Paired Sample T-Test menunjukkan penurunan skor FNE dari 41,33 menjadi 20,11 (t(17) = 8,491; p < 0,001) dengan effect size 2,001, yang menegaskan bahwa restrukturisasi kognitif efektif mengurangi ketakutan terhadap evaluasi negatif serta meningkatkan rasa percaya diri siswa dalam situasi sosial dan akademik.

Kata Kunci: Fear of Negative Evaluation, restrukturisasi kognitif, kecemasan sosial, siswa SMA.

ABSTRACT

Adolescence is a crucial period for identity formation and social development, during which individuals often face various academic and social demands. One common issue in this phase is the Fear of Negative Evaluation (FNE), the anxiety of being judged negatively by others. This internship project aimed to reduce FNE among students at SMA Muhammadiyah 10 GKB through cognitive restructuring techniques. Using a quantitative approach with a one-group pretest–posttest design, the intervention was conducted on 18 purposively selected eleventh-grade students. The four-session program included an introduction to FNE, identification of negative thoughts, cognitive restructuring exercises, and self-reflection. Analysis using the Paired Sample T-Test showed a significant decrease in FNE, with mean scores dropping from 41.33 to 20.11 (t(17) = 8.491; p < 0.001) and an effect size of 2.001. These results indicate that cognitive restructuring is effective in reducing fear of negative evaluation and enhancing students’ confidence in social and academic situations.

Keywords: Fear of Negative Evaluation, cognitive restructuring, social anxiety, high school students.