THE INFLUENCE OF SUBJECTIVE WELL-BEING ON PARENTAL INVOLVEMENT IN EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION AT BUNGA BANGSA KINDERGARTEN, SUKORAME, GRESIK

Abstract

Parental involvement in early childhood education is a crucial factor in supporting children's educational success. However, not all mothers are able to participate optimally in their children's education due to various influencing factors, one of which is their psychological condition. Subjective well-being (SWB) refers to individuals' evaluations of their lives, encompassing both cognitive aspects, such as life satisfaction, and affective aspects, including positive and negative affect. This study aimed to examine the influence of subjective well-being on parental involvement in early childhood education among parents of Group B students at TK Bunga Bangsa Sukorame Gresik. This study employed a quantitative approach using multiple linear regression analysis. The population consisted of 80 parents, all of whom were included as participants through a total sampling technique. Subjective well-being was measured using two instruments: the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) developed by Diener et al. (1985) and the Positive

and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) developed by Watson et al. (1988). Parental involvement in early childhood education was measured using a scale developed based on Epstein's theory of parental involvement. Item validity was assessed using corrected item-total correlation, while reliability was examined using Cronbach's alpha. The reliability coefficients were 0.745 for SWLS, 0.755 for PANAS, and 0.845 for the parental involvement scale. The results indicated that subjective well-being had a significant effect on Parental involvement in early childhood education (p < 0.05). Partial analysis revealed that the affective dimension measured by PANAS significantly influenced Parental involvement, whereas the cognitive dimension measured by SWLS did not show a significant effect. The coefficient of determination (R² = .231) indicated that subjective well-being accounted for 23.1% of the variance in Parental involvement in early childhood education.