Analysis of Antipsychotic Drug Utilization Patterns in Schizophrenia Patients at Regional Mental Hospital Kolonel Haji Muhammad Syukur Jambi 2024

Abstract

Schizophrenia is a serious mental disorder that affects thoughts, emotions, and behavior. In Indonesia, its prevalence reaches 3 per mille, and 2.8 per mille in Jambi Province. RSJD Kolonel H. M. Syukur Jambi, the only psychiatric hospital in the province, records schizophrenia as the most frequent outpatient diagnosis. Antipsychotics are the mainstay of therapy and must be used rationally to ensure treatment effectiveness. This study aimed to analyze the pattern of antipsychotic use among schizophrenia outpatients at RSJD Jambi in 2024 using the ATC/DDD and DU90% methods. This was a retrospective descriptive study based on secondary data from medical records, using total sampling. Data were analyzed using the WHO’s ATC/DDD and DU90% methods with Microsoft Excel 2016. A total of 2,088 patients met the inclusion criteria. The total antipsychotic consumption was 5.87 DDD per patient per day. Atypical antipsychotics were more frequently used (3.34 DDD/patient/day or 56.94%) than typical ones (2.53 DDD/patient/day or 43.06%). Seven antipsychotics accounted for 90.52% of total usage, including olanzapine, fluphenazine decanoate, risperidone, haloperidol, aripiprazole, quetiapine, and chlorpromazine. These findings indicate a rational prescribing pattern that aligns with current treatment guidelines and reflects a tendency to prefer atypical antipsychotics in outpatient management of schizophrenia.